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Animation

<sl-animation> | SlAnimation
Since 2.0 stable

Animate elements declaratively with nearly 100 baked-in presets, or roll your own with custom keyframes. Powered by the Web Animations API.

To animate an element, wrap it in <sl-animation> and set an animation name. The animation will not start until you add the play attribute. Refer to the properties table for a list of all animation options. 

<div class="animation-overview">
  <sl-animation name="bounce" duration="2000" play><div class="box"></div></sl-animation>
  <sl-animation name="jello" duration="2000" play><div class="box"></div></sl-animation>
  <sl-animation name="heartBeat" duration="2000" play><div class="box"></div></sl-animation>
  <sl-animation name="flip" duration="2000" play><div class="box"></div></sl-animation>
</div>

<style>
  .animation-overview .box {
    display: inline-block;
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    background-color: var(--sl-color-primary-600);
    margin: 1.5rem;
  }
</style>

import SlAnimation from '@shoelace-style/shoelace/dist/react/animation';

const css = `
  .animation-overview .box {
    display: inline-block;
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    background-color: var(--sl-color-primary-600);
    margin: 1.5rem;
  }
`;

const App = () => (
  <>
    <div class="animation-overview">
      <SlAnimation name="bounce" duration={2000} play>
        <div class="box" />
      </SlAnimation>
      <SlAnimation name="jello" duration={2000} play>
        <div class="box" />
      </SlAnimation>
      <SlAnimation name="heartBeat" duration={2000} play>
        <div class="box" />
      </SlAnimation>
      <SlAnimation name="flip" duration={2000} play>
        <div class="box" />
      </SlAnimation>
    </div>

    <style>{css}</style>
  </>
);

Examples

Animations & Easings

This example demonstrates all of the baked-in animations and easings. Animations are based on those found in the popular Animate.css library. 

<div class="animation-sandbox">
  <sl-animation name="bounce" easing="ease-in-out" duration="2000" play>
    <div class="box"></div>
  </sl-animation>

  <div class="controls">
    <sl-select label="Animation" value="bounce"></sl-select>
    <sl-select label="Easing" value="linear"></sl-select>
    <sl-input label="Playback Rate" type="number" min="0" max="2" step=".25" value="1"></sl-input>
  </div>
</div>

<script type="module">
  import { getAnimationNames, getEasingNames } from '/dist/utilities/animation.js';

  const container = document.querySelector('.animation-sandbox');
  const animation = container.querySelector('sl-animation');
  const animationName = container.querySelector('.controls sl-select:nth-child(1)');
  const easingName = container.querySelector('.controls sl-select:nth-child(2)');
  const playbackRate = container.querySelector('sl-input[type="number"]');
  const animations = getAnimationNames();
  const easings = getEasingNames();

  animations.map(name => {
    const option = Object.assign(document.createElement('sl-option'), {
      textContent: name,
      value: name
    });
    animationName.appendChild(option);
  });

  easings.map(name => {
    const option = Object.assign(document.createElement('sl-option'), {
      textContent: name,
      value: name
    });
    easingName.appendChild(option);
  });

  animationName.addEventListener('sl-change', () => (animation.name = animationName.value));
  easingName.addEventListener('sl-change', () => (animation.easing = easingName.value));
  playbackRate.addEventListener('sl-input', () => (animation.playbackRate = playbackRate.value));
</script>

<style>
  .animation-sandbox .box {
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    background-color: var(--sl-color-primary-600);
  }

  .animation-sandbox .controls {
    max-width: 300px;
    margin-top: 2rem;
  }

  .animation-sandbox .controls sl-select {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
  }
</style>

Using Intersection Observer

Use an Intersection Observer to control the animation when an element enters or exits the viewport. For example, scroll the box below in and out of your screen. The animation stops when the box exits the viewport and restarts each time it enters the viewport. 

<div class="animation-scroll">
  <sl-animation name="jackInTheBox" duration="2000" iterations="1"><div class="box"></div></sl-animation>
</div>

<script>
  const container = document.querySelector('.animation-scroll');
  const animation = container.querySelector('sl-animation');
  const box = animation.querySelector('.box');

  // Watch for the box to enter and exit the viewport. Note that we're observing the box, not the animation element!
  const observer = new IntersectionObserver(entries => {
    if (entries[0].isIntersecting) {
      // Start the animation when the box enters the viewport
      animation.play = true;
    } else {
      animation.play = false;
      animation.currentTime = 0;
    }
  });
  observer.observe(box);
</script>

<style>
  .animation-scroll .box {
    display: inline-block;
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    background-color: var(--sl-color-primary-600);
  }
</style>

import { useEffect, useRef, useState } from 'react';
import SlAnimation from '@shoelace-style/shoelace/dist/react/animation';

const css = `
  .animation-scroll {
    height: calc(100vh + 100px);
  }

  .animation-scroll .box {
    display: inline-block;
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    background-color: var(--sl-color-primary-600);
  }
`;

const App = () => {
  const animation = useRef(null);
  const box = useRef(null);

  useEffect(() => {
    const observer = new IntersectionObserver(entries => {
      if (entries[0].isIntersecting) {
        animation.current.play = true;
      } else {
        animation.current.play = false;
        animation.current.currentTime = 0;
      }
    });

    if (box.current) {
      observer.observe(box.current);
    }
  }, [box]);

  return (
    <>
      <div class="animation-scroll">
        <SlAnimation ref={animation} name="jackInTheBox" duration={2000} iterations={1}>
          <div ref={box} class="box" />
        </SlAnimation>
      </div>

      <style>{css}</style>
    </>
  );
};

Custom Keyframe Formats

Supply your own keyframe formats to build custom animations. 

<div class="animation-keyframes">
  <sl-animation easing="ease-in-out" duration="2000" play>
    <div class="box"></div>
  </sl-animation>
</div>

<script>
  const animation = document.querySelector('.animation-keyframes sl-animation');
  animation.keyframes = [
    {
      offset: 0,
      easing: 'cubic-bezier(0.250, 0.460, 0.450, 0.940)',
      fillMode: 'both',
      transformOrigin: 'center center',
      transform: 'rotate(0)'
    },
    {
      offset: 1,
      easing: 'cubic-bezier(0.250, 0.460, 0.450, 0.940)',
      fillMode: 'both',
      transformOrigin: 'center center',
      transform: 'rotate(90deg)'
    }
  ];
</script>

<style>
  .animation-keyframes .box {
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    background-color: var(--sl-color-primary-600);
  }
</style>

import SlAnimation from '@shoelace-style/shoelace/dist/react/animation';

const css = `
  .animation-keyframes .box {
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    background-color: var(--sl-color-primary-600);
  }
`;

const App = () => (
  <>
    <div class="animation-keyframes">
      <SlAnimation
        easing="ease-in-out"
        duration={2000}
        play
        keyframes={[
          {
            offset: 0,
            easing: 'cubic-bezier(0.250, 0.460, 0.450, 0.940)',
            fillMode: 'both',
            transformOrigin: 'center center',
            transform: 'rotate(0)'
          },
          {
            offset: 1,
            easing: 'cubic-bezier(0.250, 0.460, 0.450, 0.940)',
            fillMode: 'both',
            transformOrigin: 'center center',
            transform: 'rotate(90deg)'
          }
        ]}
      >
        <div class="box" />
      </SlAnimation>
    </div>

    <style>{css}</style>
  </>
);

Playing Animations on Demand

Animations won’t play until you apply the play attribute. You can omit it initially, then apply it on demand such as after a user interaction. In this example, the button will animate once every time the button is clicked.

Click me 
<div class="animation-form">
  <sl-animation name="rubberBand" duration="1000" iterations="1">
    <sl-button variant="primary">Click me</sl-button>
  </sl-animation>
</div>

<script>
  const container = document.querySelector('.animation-form');
  const animation = container.querySelector('sl-animation');
  const button = container.querySelector('sl-button');

  button.addEventListener('click', () => {
    animation.play = true;
  });
</script>

import { useState } from 'react';
import SlAnimation from '@shoelace-style/shoelace/dist/react/animation';
import SlButton from '@shoelace-style/shoelace/dist/react/button';

const App = () => {
  const [play, setPlay] = useState(false);

  return (
    <div class="animation-form">
      <SlAnimation name="rubberBand" duration={1000} iterations={1} play={play} onSlFinish={() => setPlay(false)}>
        <SlButton variant="primary" onClick={() => setPlay(true)}>
          Click me
        </SlButton>
      </SlAnimation>
    </div>
  );
};

Importing

If you’re using the autoloader or the traditional loader, you can ignore this section. Otherwise, feel free to use any of the following snippets to cherry pick this component.

Script Import Bundler React

To import this component from the CDN using a script tag: 

<script type="module" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@shoelace-style/shoelace@2.18.0/cdn/components/animation/animation.js"></script>

To import this component from the CDN using a JavaScript import: 

import 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@shoelace-style/shoelace@2.18.0/cdn/components/animation/animation.js';

To import this component using a bundler:

import '@shoelace-style/shoelace/dist/components/animation/animation.js';

To import this component as a React component:

import SlAnimation from '@shoelace-style/shoelace/dist/react/animation';

Slots

Name Description
(default) The element to animate. Avoid slotting in more than one element, as subsequent ones will be ignored. To animate multiple elements, either wrap them in a single container or use multiple <sl-animation> elements.

Learn more about using slots.

Properties

Name Description Reflects Type Default
name The name of the built-in animation to use. For custom animations, use the keyframes prop. string 'none'
play Plays the animation. When omitted, the animation will be paused. This attribute will be automatically removed when the animation finishes or gets canceled. boolean false
delay The number of milliseconds to delay the start of the animation. number 0
direction Determines the direction of playback as well as the behavior when reaching the end of an iteration. Learn more PlaybackDirection 'normal'
duration The number of milliseconds each iteration of the animation takes to complete. number 1000
easing The easing function to use for the animation. This can be a Shoelace easing function or a custom easing function such as cubic-bezier(0, 1, .76, 1.14). string 'linear'
endDelay
end-delay 		The number of milliseconds to delay after the active period of an animation sequence. number 0
fill Sets how the animation applies styles to its target before and after its execution. FillMode 'auto'
iterations The number of iterations to run before the animation completes. Defaults to Infinity, which loops. - Infinity
iterationStart
iteration-start 		The offset at which to start the animation, usually between 0 (start) and 1 (end). number 0
keyframes The keyframes to use for the animation. If this is set, name will be ignored. Keyframe[] | undefined -
playbackRate
playback-rate 		Sets the animation’s playback rate. The default is 1, which plays the animation at a normal speed. Setting this to 2, for example, will double the animation’s speed. A negative value can be used to reverse the animation. This value can be changed without causing the animation to restart. number 1
currentTime Gets and sets the current animation time. CSSNumberish -
updateComplete A read-only promise that resolves when the component has finished updating.

Learn more about attributes and properties.

Events

Name React Event Description Event Detail
sl-cancel onSlCancel Emitted when the animation is canceled. -
sl-finish onSlFinish Emitted when the animation finishes. -
sl-start onSlStart Emitted when the animation starts or restarts. -

Learn more about events.

Methods

Name Description Arguments
cancel() Clears all keyframe effects caused by this animation and aborts its playback. -
finish() Sets the playback time to the end of the animation corresponding to the current playback direction. -

Learn more about methods.